It is also the strongest one.This article was co-authored by Renée Plevy and by wikiHow staff writer, Jessica Gibson. The lower jawbone, or mandible, is the only movable bone in the skull. The ethmoid bone separates the nasal cavity from the brain. The lacrimal bone is the smallest bone of the face, as well as the most fragile. Inside the eye socket there are two bones that form the inner wall. The Temporal bone covers the side and part of the floor of the cranium the parietal bone covers the upper parts of the cranium walls and its roof. There are two sets of paired bones that form cranium walls. Most of this bone forms the cranium floor and the rear walls of the eye sockets. The Sphenoid bone is only partially visible on the outer wall of the cranium. They also serve as the outer walls of the eye sockets. The two cheekbones are called the zygomatic bones. The two maxilla bones form the upper jaw, the side of the nose, and the lower wall of the eye sockets. The frontal bone forms the forehead and the upper wall of the eye sockets. The cranium consists of 8 bones, and the facial section of the skull contains another 21 bones, including the small bones of the inner ear. Teeth are not counted here as skull bones. In total, there are 29 bones in the human skull. When it comes to the topic of how to draw a skull, you also need to know the bones of the skull. And other lines connecting various points of planes.Other virtual lines you may find helpful when doing constructive drawing of the head are: The curvature of the temple line replicates the direction of the central line. The chin line marks out the bottom edge of the skull. The line marking the base of the nose establishes an axis for the nose and cheekbones. The brow ridge line helps to establish the position of the eye sockets correctly. It is also good practice to draw the skull in three-quarters view when learning how to draw a skull.Ī proficient portrait artist must know the following axes and virtual lines to establish the masses of the head correctly. This where certain prominent neck muscles attach to the skull. The mastoid process is another important landmark for an artist. The eye-socket, which is called the orbit, is located in the middle of the skull. It separates the vertical planes of the temples from the top planes of the skull. The temple line is an important mark for a portrait artist. The zigomatic arch is like a bridge that starts above the ear-hole and goes forward, where it merges with the cheekbone. It is unique to humans no other living creature has such a distinctive feature. The protruding part of the jawbone is called the mental protuberance. The dental arch has a characteristic curvature, marked here with a red semicircle. The nasal cavity takes one sixth of the skull’s height. The nasal bone ends right in the middle of the skull’s height. The ramus of the jawbone is located just in front of the ear-hole. The virtual line that runs from the brow ridge to the ear-hole separates the bones of the cranium from the facial bones. In this view, the ear hole is located just below the square’s center point. When viewed from the side, the skull fits into a square. When you learn how to draw a skull, also do skull sketches in profile. The upper dental arch is called the maxilla. The part of the jawbone, which veers upward, is called the ramus.Īt the top it has two spikes – one is called the condylar process, which is part of the jawbone joint and another one is coronoid process, where the muscle that lifts the jawbone is attached. The angle of the mandible and the bottom edge of the jawbone touch the outline of the circle. Proportionally, it fits into the smaller circle. The lower jawbone is called the mandible. The inside surface of the eye socket is not spherical, but rather pyramidal. The bottom edge of the nasal cavity aligns with the bottom point of the larger circle, one third of the way up from the bottom edge of the skull. The top border of the nasal cavity lies exactly in the middle of the skull, right on the top point of the smaller circle. It has a characteristic trapezoidal shape, which is tilted diagonally. The lower edge of the cheekbones is located one third of the way from the lower edge of the skull – two marks in our drawing. This section contains and protects the most vital organ in the human body – the brain. The larger circle represents the cranium section of the skull. The combined shape of these circles indicates the outline of the skull. Now, you can draw another circle with the center in the middle of the lower three marks that is, one and a half marks from the bottom edge. With this proportion in place, we can draw a circle, with the help of vertical and horizontal axes.
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